What is Mobile Communication ?

Mobile communication is a type of wireless service that is transmitting or receiving voice and data from the wireless device i.e Mobile , wireless telephone, wireless tracking devices.

A defined frequency band or channels carries the signal from transmitter to receiver.

every channel has a frequency bandwidth and capacity.

Image of Mobile Tower

Types of frequencies used in wireless communication

1. FM Radio          --- 88 MHz
2. TV Broadcast    ---200 MHz

3. GSM                 ---900MHz, 1800 MHz, 2100 MHz

4. Bluetooth          --- 2.4 GHz

5. Wi-Fi                --- 2.4 GHz and 5GHz

Image of Mobile Handset.

GSM 2G Mobile Handset.

GSM 3G/4G Mobile Handset .

Types of Wireless Communication in Telecom.

1. Radio Transmission

2. Microwave Transmission.

Radio Transmission :- It is an easily generated electromagnetic wave,  travel long distance with omni direction. Government licence required to use the electromagnetic wave.

Microwave Transmission:- It provides very long distance communication in the principal of Line of sights (LOS) with straight line beam. It is also works on Point to Point and Point to Multi point transmission.

Some important Point for Mobile communication.

1. It is reuse the channel.

2. Geographical area divided into Mobile Cell.

3. Base station/ BSC/ eNodeB/ RNC coordinate handoff and control funtion.

Evolution of Mobile Communication.

1.  2G System.

2. 3G System.

3. 4G System.

4. 5G system upcoming.

There are five types of Cell used in Mobile communication network.

1. Femto Cell:- It serves cellular services only few meters  so this is the smallest cell.

2. Pico Cell:- It covers the range of upto some 10s of meter.

3. Micro Cell:- The range of this cell is beyond 100 meters.

4. Macro Cell:- The range of this cell is more then 1 Km.

5. Mega Cell:- The range of this cell is is more then 100 km.

Why frequency reuse in mobile communication?

1. Due to scarcity of Radio spectrum.

2. Allow many users to communicate with available radio spectrum.

3. Attenuation of  e.m wave signal after some distance.

4. Low transmitter power.

Fundamental of GSM ( Global system for Mobile Communication)

1. Total number of Simplex channel  in pair 124.

2. The Width of each channel is 200KHz.

3. To provide 8 separate connection.

4. Each cell support 992 channels.

5. Transmitter and receiver used different time slots .