What is Optical Fiber Cable?
What is Fiber Optics Cable?
Optical Fiber is a guided media used in telecommunication to offer high speed internet service of their subscribers. It is a future transmission technology through which ISP provide highly demanding services like HDTV, 3D-TV, Data services, Voice services and many more on the existing fiber cable connection.
It made of pure silica glass with slightly change in refractive index. It is long very thin solid wire of glass in which information or signals passed in the form of light with the principal of total internal reflection.
Image of Fiber Optics Cable.
Types of Optical Fiber.
1. Single Mode Fiber.
2. Multi Mode Fiber.
Types of Fiber Cable base on Refractive Index.
1. Step Index ----Single Mode Fiber
2. Step Index/ Graded Index---Multi Mode Fiber
Image of Fiber Optics.
Size of Optical Fiber Cable .
Single Mode Fiber has core diameter approx 6-8 micro meter.
Multi Mode Fiber has core diameter approx 50-100 micro meter.
Cladding diameter for both single mode and multi mode fiber has approx 120 micro meter.
Advantages of Optical Fiber Transmission.
1. Wider Bandwidth.
2. Dielectric waveguid.
3. Low loss in transmission media,
4. Lightweight and small size.
5. Transmission security.
Steps of Optical Communication.
1. User information is encoded into electrical form.
2. Electrical signals are transformed into light form.
3. Light signals transmitted into fiber cable.
4. Receiver detect the light signals and convert it electrical signals.
5. Electrical signals are change into information by decoder.
Cladding is 1% lower than Core of the Optical Fiber. i.e core refractive index 1.47 then cladding index 1.46.
As per construction of Optical Fiber Cable.
1. Tight Buffer Tube.---used in Indoor Places.
2. Loose Buffer Tube.----use in Outdoor Places.
Loose Tube Cable has construction types 6F, 12F, 24F, 48F, 96F or more than 400 F.
Types of Outdoor Cable
1. Aerial cable.
2. Armored cable.
3. Submarine cable.
Types of Fiber classified by ITU-T.
1. G.651
2. G.652
3. G.653
4. G.654---It is used 400 Km without repeater.
5. G.655---It is used in WDM
6. G.656---It is used in DWDM
7. G.657---It is used in FTTH
Frequency Band in Optical Fiber.
| Band | Wavelength | Description | |
|---|---|---|---|
| O-Band | 1260 - 1360 nm | PON upstream | |
| E-Band | 1360 - 1460 nm | Water peak band | |
| S-Band | 1460 - 1530 nm | PON downstream | |
| C-Band | 1530 - 1565 nm | DWDM | |
| L-Band | 1565 - 1625 nm | DWDM | |
| U-Band | 1625 - 1675 nm | Ultra-long wavelenght | |
Types of Windows used in Optical Fiber.
| Window | Operational Wavelenght |
|---|---|
| 800 nm - 900 nm | 850 nm |
| 1250 nm - 1350 nm | 1310 nm |
| 1500 nm - 1600 nm | 1550 nm |
Attenuation:- It is represent the Loss in optical fiber and measured in dB.
| Intrinsic Attenuation | Extrinsic Attenuation |
|---|---|
| Absorption-natural impurities | Macro Bending-sharply bent |
| Scattering-small imperfections in path | Micro Bending-crushing contraction. |
Tools for OFC sheath remove.
1. Cable cutter.
2. Jacket remover.
3. Utility Knife
4. Scissors
5. Diagonal cutting pliers
6. Sheath ripper
7. Buffer Stripper
8. Insulation Tape
9. Tissue Paper
10. Cloth.
11. Number indicator.
12. Marker
Important Tools for Fiber Joint Splicing.
1. Splicing Machine
2. Fiber Stripper.
3. Fiber Cleaver.
4. VFL.
5. Tissue Paper.
6. Cotton swab
7. Isopropyl alcohol
What is Splicing Machine? How it is important in Optical Fiber Cable?
Splicing machine is an instrument which is used to connect the two separate ends of fiber cable and form a continuous fiber cable.
What is OTDR (Optical Time Domain Reflectometer) ?
It is an special types instrument which is used in Optical Fiber communication to measure the fibers length , overall attenuation and find the fiber fault .
What is Cleaver?
It is a Tool used in Optical fiber splicing. It provide perpendicular cut with high precision in optical fiber cable.
What is Optical Power Meter?
Optical Power Meter is a Device that is used in optical communication to find the optical power signal and provide the port damage from high power as well as smooth functioning of transmission system. It is also known as OPM.
Ha ha… I was just surfing around and took a glance at these feedback. I can’t believe that there’s still this much attention. Thanks for crafting articles about this. find more info
ReplyDelete